Irshad 2001 reported this species from different host plants. Aphididae, an asexually reproducing vector of plant viruses. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of russia and neighboring countries. These experiments were carried out to survey, seasonal abundance of a. Finally, most 70 % of the surveyed populations were polymorphic for facultative symbiont. Within a few days, nymphs mature into reproductive adults and. Checklist distribution host range and ecology of aphidoidea 96 viii03. A model of cowpea aphid populations in temperate pastures. Worldwide populations of the aphid aphis craccivora are. In the tropics aphis gossypii is a major pest of cotton.
Population dynamics of aphis gossypii glover and aphis craccivora. Studies were conducted to quantify the direct effects of temperature and indirect effect of elevated co2 eco2, on aphis craccivora koch. Aphis craccivora, variously known as the cowpea aphid, groundnut aphid or black legume. The five varieties were blackeye, b005c, inia37, it83572020 and tvx367114coid. Observations on aphis craccivora koch at serere, uganda, in 196468 showed that dry season carryover of aphids could occur on the common weeds euphorbia hirta and e. Overall, observed facultative symbiont prevalence in a. Specialisation of bacterial endosymbionts that protect. Integrated management of aphis craccivora in cowpea using. Aphis craccivora initially infests cowpea seedlings, but as this plant develops, it may infest flowers and pods berberet et al. Aphis craccivora, variously known as the cowpea aphid, groundnut aphid or black legume aphid, is a true bug in the family aphididae. Bioecology and management of mustard aphid, lipaphis erysimi kali. Aphid aphis craccivora koch is a major pest of cowpea vigna unguiculata l.
Ecological and biological studies of certain predatory. In many of these crops there is no natural genetic resistance to this sapsucking insect or resistance genes have been overcome by newly emerged cpa biotypes. Use of pesticides in intercrop leads to health and environmental risks. This study investigated the population dynamics of aphids aphis gossypii and aphis craccivora over time, using mathematical. Predatory potential, biology, life table, molecular characterization. Impact of eco2 and temperature on aphis craccivora koch. Identification, biology, distribution, host range, and seasonal occurrence of major aphid pests on. Introduction from various methods for agricultural pest control the biological methods and integrated programs providing the maximum reduction in the use of pesticides are particulary important 1. All aspects of parasitology and hostparasite relationships, ranging from the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology to ecology and epidemiology in the context of the medical, veterinary and biological sciences. In present studies, new locality records have been added. Aphis is a genus of insects in the family aphididae containing at least 600 species of aphids. Pdf morphology, biology and behavioral aspects of aphis. There were two significant associations between facultative symbiont and aphid food plant.
The behavior of aphis gossypii and aphis craccivora. Davies 1972 looked at the ecology of aphis craccivora in uganda where it is a major pest of groundnuts. Like the vast majority of potyviruses, av1 is transmitted in a nonpersistent manner by insects of the order hemiptera, family aphididae. Probing behaviour of aphis craccivora koch on host plants. This article aims to study the population density of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora and its associated predators on cowpea fields. Interactions involving host plants cowpea, groundnut, cotton, sunflower, greengram, blackgram an insect herbivore, black legume aphid aphis craccivora koch hemiptera.
It is a polyphagous species, with a marked preference for herbaceous leguminoseae. Inheritance of resistance to aphid in cowpea1 bata. Research journal of parasitology is an important specialist journal covering the latest advances in the field of parasitology. Life table and population parameters of cowpea aphid. Biologi dan perkembangan populasi aphis craccivora koch. Rae a 58 646 was examined in new south wales in 1969 in five pastures sown with different combinations of leguminous plants.
The following is based largely on the authors summary. Colony development, biology, and demographic parameters were studied to measure the cowpea aphid performance. Eggs develop within the mother and nymphs are born live. The journal includes all major themes in applied ecology. Biology and demographic growth parameters of cowpea aphid.
Aphididae, a holocyclic, heteroecious species, can infest eight families of plants, act as an important vector of over 50 plant viruses stoetzel and miller 2001, and cause serious economic losses to legumes. A simulation model describing the interactions of various components of the biology of cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch, its host plant, subterranean. The number of generations per year was determined, as well the lifespan of a generation and fecundity of the females. Biology and demographic growth parameters of cowpea aphid aphis craccivora on faba bean vicia faba cultivars.
Jun 21, 2009 the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, is an important pest of cowpea vigna unguiculata l. It causes direct damage by feeding on the plants and also tr. Studies on the ecology of aphis craccivora koch hem. Predatory potential, biology, life table, molecular characterization, and field evaluation against aphis gossypii. Identification and characterization of resistance to. Description adult females are black, the apterae dorsally shiny. Specialisation of bacterial endosymbionts that protect aphids. Aphididae on cowpeavigna unguiculata, fabaceae article pdf available in acta biologica colombiana 203. Fungalbased biopesticides offer a better option because they are environment and consumerfriendly. Checklist, aphidoidea, distribution, punjab, pakistan.
The cosmopolitan cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. This chapter discusses the biology, ecology, and management of aphids that attack tomato. North carolina agricultural experiment station technical bulletin 255. Two methods, whole plant and detached leaf, were used in these experiments. Adults needed physical contact for only about two minutes to cause them to produce alate rather than apterous progeny. The number of generations per year was determined, as well the. Using an integrative approach that combines lab and fieldwork and applies the tools of molecular phylogenetics, ecological genetics, and population genomics, i am linking genotype and phenotype in two systems. Ecology of citrus aphids and their importance to virus. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, is an important pest of robinia pseudoacacia frisia. Originally of probable palearctic origin, it is now an invasive species of cosmopolitan distribution. Pdf biology and ecology of aphis gossypii homoptera. Worldwide in distribution, but particularly common in warm temperate and tropical regions. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and. Aphis craccivora is one of relatively few aphids that are pests in the tropics its ecology has been studied intensively in africa, india and australia.
The phenology of aphid populations and the epidemiology of virus in pastures in southeast australia. We used life table and population parameters of the cowpea aphids reared on five cowpea varieties to assess the degree of host plant resistance. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, is an important pest of cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Aphis craccivora, aphis gossypii, coccinella septempunctata, biology, ecology, bioregulation 1. In this study, we used molecular markers to explore the roles of had and geographical scale across putative source populations in determining the spatial ecology of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera.
Worldwide populations of the aphid aphis craccivora. A regional perspective of the phenology and migration of the cowpea aphid pp. Aphis gossypii glover is a destructive pest of over two dozen crops world wide. Goot 1917, dalam cottier, 1953 bahwa keperidian aphis spp. Cowpea aphid, black legume aphid, groundnut aphid distribution.
The ecology of aphis craccivora koch and subterranean. Aphis craccivora cowpea aphid identification, images, ecology. Cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch ilse schreiner, ph. Cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora, is a major cowpea pest. Pdf the bionomy and ecology of aphis craccivora on robinia pseudoacacia was studied. The third, and perhaps most costly type of aphid damage, is as efficient vectors of a number of plant viruses. Comparative life table of aphis craccivora hem aphididae on host.
Aphis gossypii does not have a sexual phase in the tropics, nor in most of europe. Description, biology, life cycle, damage, common names, images d. Nymphs dull greyish, lightly powdered biology it lives throughout the year without producing sexual forms. Johnson and birks 1960 considered all virginoparae of aphis craccivora to begin development as alates but that development to the apterous form began in the first or second instar. It is distributed almost worldwide, and is particularly abundant in the tropics. Probing behaviour of aphis craccivora koch on host plants of different nutritional quality traicevski 2002 ecological entomology wiley online library.
Darkbrown ovoid body of apterous female is shining. They have important biological activities such as cytotoxic, antitumor. Aphis craccivora cowpea aphid identification, images. Aphididae and a predator, the zigzag beetle cheilomenes sexmaculata fabricius coleoptera. Aphis craccivora is the most important insect pest of cowpea and also causes significant yield losses in other legume crops including alfalfa, beans, chickpea, lentils, lupins and peanuts. The performance of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Aphis craccivora koch basf colony and damage on bean to read this page in french.
Reproductive biology where it is holocyclic and produces sexual morphs, the primary hosts are spiraea or citrus. General information about aphis craccivora aphicr eppo global database. Eds, aphids their biology, natural enemies and control. A simulation model describing the interactions of various components of the biology of cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch, its host plant, subterranean clover stunt virus scsv and climate is presented in this paper. A regional perspective of the phenology and migration of the cowpea aphid. Aphis craccivora a polyphagous aphid species with a preference for fabaceae. It includes many notorious agricultural pests, such as the soybean aphid aphis glycines. The ecology of aphis craccivora koch and subterraneanclover stunt virus cf. Life table and population parameters of cowpea aphid, aphis. The model examines the effects of natural enemies and climate on the development of cowpea aphid populations in three temperate. Cowpeacereal intercrop alone does not effectively manage the pest. The ecology of aphis craccivora koch and subterranean clover stunt virus.
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